Typical industrial WAO applications have a feed flow rate of 1 to 220 gallons per minute (gpm) per train, with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) from 10,000 to 150,000 mg/L (higher CODs with dilution). A separator downstream of the pressure control valve allows the depressurized and cooled vapor to separate from the liquid. After cooling, the oxidized reactor effluent passes through a pressure control valve where the pressure is reduced. Since the oxidation reactions are exothermic, sufficient energy may be released in the reactor to allow the WAO system to operate without any additional heat input. Auxiliary energy, usually steam, is necessary for startup and can provide trim heat if required. Heat exchangers are routinely employed to recover energy contained in the reactor effluent to preheat the waste feed/air entering the reactor.
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Typical reaction time is about 30-120 minutes. The reactor provides sufficient retention time to allow the oxidation to approach the desired level of organic decomposition. An air stream containing sufficient oxygen to meet the oxygen requirements of the waste stream is injected into the pressurized waste stream, and the air/liquid mixture is preheated to the required reactor inlet temperature. The waste solution or slurry is pumped through a high-pressure feed pump. The basic flow scheme for a typical WAO system is as follows. = O, and low molecular weight oxygenated organics (e.g.